Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is a highly versatile chemical used in various industries, attesting to its broad utility and effectiveness. Its primary use, however, is in agriculture, but it also finds significant applications in several other fields.
DAP is most popularly known as a fertilizer in the agricultural sector. It is an excellent source of phosphorus and nitrogen, two essential nutrients for plant growth. The high nutrient content not only aids in the root and shoot growth but also enhances the flowering and seeding abilities of the plants. It is effectively used for high-yield crops, supporting sustainable agriculture practices.
In the realm of fire safety, DAP serves as an excellent fire retardant. The chemical is used in preparations that are applied to materials like wood and fabrics to prevent the spread of fire, thereby enhancing fire safety in buildings and during the manufacturing of materials. This application is particularly beneficial in safety-critical environments and industries.
The food industry also utilizes DAP as a yeast nutrient, particularly in winemaking and brewing where it aids yeast fermentation. By providing necessary nutrients to yeast, it helps in better alcohol production and flavor enhancement in beverages. Additionally, it is used as a dough conditioner in baking, improving the texture and shelf life of baked goods.
Industrially, DAP is used as a component in some detergents and metal finishing chemicals. It functions as a buffering agent to control pH levels in industrial processes, ensuring optimal conditions for various chemical reactions. This property is highly valued in industries where precise chemical environments are crucial.
The Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) market has witnessed considerable growth globally. As of 2022, the global production of DAP reached approximately 36 million tonnes. Forecasting into the future, the market is expected to continue its growth trajectory, with the size expanding at various compounded annual growth rates (CAGR) according to different sources, with figures ranging between 2% to 5.9% up to the year 2030 or 2031. This indicates a robust demand curve for DAP in the coming years.
The financial landscape of the DAP market as of 2023 pegs its valuation at approximately USD 67.6 billion, with an expectation to swell to USD 79.8 billion by the end of the decade. The growth is primarily driven by substantial agriculture demand, specifically as a high-efficiency phosphate fertilizer. Despite the fluctuations in the global economic situations, DAP's critical role in food production renders it a staple commodity in agricultural inputs.
Considering the international trade scenario, major exporters of Diammonium Phosphate include countries like China, the United States, and Russia, primarily due to their large manufacturing capabilities and domestic surplus. On the importer front, significant volumes of DAP are shipped to India, Brazil, and other agriculture-intensive countries that depend heavily on phosphate fertilizers to meet their domestic agricultural needs.
The current average price of Diammonium Phosphate per metric ton stands around USD 400 to USD 500, variably responding to market demands, geopolitical factors, and input costs. Historically, prices have shown volatility, responsive to changes in the raw material costs and production rates. Present indications suggest a steadiness in prices, though with a tentative inclination towards an increase, should demand consistently outpace supply.
When sourcing Diammonium Phosphate (DAP), it's crucial to consider both the major producers and key trade lines globally. East Asia emerged as the leading region in DAP production in 2022, with significant activity particularly noted in China. Furthermore, the first half of 2023 highlighted Coromandal, Ma'aden, and IFFCO as the largest DAP producers, with bases in India, Saudi Arabia, and India respectively.
The international trade of DAP is predominantly dominated by exports from Morocco, Saudi Arabia, and Russia, making these countries critical points for sourcing. Notable export figures in 2022 highlight Morocco as the top exporter, followed closely by Saudi Arabia and Russia. This distribution chain is vital in planning procurement strategies for businesses needing large quantities of DAP.
Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) is heavily regulated in the European Union under various chemical safety laws to ensure environmental protection and human health. Regulations cover its classification, labeling, and safety measures. The EU's REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) regulations specifically require companies to provide detailed information about the chemical's properties and risks while handling.
In the EU, the handling and use of DAP are governed by REACH, and companies must submit dossiers if they manufacture or import the substance over one tonne per year. This is crucial for obtaining permission for use and ensuring compliance with safety protocols. The guidelines also emphasize environmental concerns, particularly with regard to water systems, due to DAP's high nutrient content, which can lead to eutrophication in water bodies.
For businesses involved in the export or import of DAP, it is essential to be informed about current tariffs and trade regulations. These factors can significantly influence cost structures and market strategies. The European Union's External Tariff applies to non-EU countries, and rates can differ based on agreements and treaties between the EU and third-party countries. Importers and exporters should frequently consult the TARIC database, which provides comprehensive details regarding tariffs and other trade measures applicable to DAP.
For the most accurate and updated information on regulations and compliance regarding Diammonium Phosphate in the EU, stakeholders should refer to the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) website. It offers extensive resources including guidance documents, regulatory updates, and a database on substances, which includes DAP. Additionally, the TARIC database is invaluable for checking current tariffs and understanding import and export regulations.
Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) is widely used as a fertilizer and a fire retardant, and knowing the correct handling and safety procedures is crucial to ensure safety and prevent accidents. This guide provides comprehensive information on how to handle DAP properly, addressing risks and safety practices.
When dealing with Diammonium Phosphate, always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). This includes gloves, safety goggles, and a dust mask to prevent skin, eye, and respiratory exposure. Ensure that the handling area is well-ventilated to avoid inhaling dust. Workers should also be trained on the proper handling and storage precautions to minimize the risk of accidents.
DAP should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from any incompatible substances, such as strong acids or bases. It is important to keep the containers tightly closed and properly labeled. Avoid exposure to heat, as DAP can decompose at high temperatures releasing toxic gases. Regular checks on stored DAP should be performed to ensure the integrity of the containers and safe storage conditions.
In case of exposure or spill, immediate action is required. If DAP dust is inhaled, move the individual to fresh air immediately and seek medical attention if symptoms persist. For skin contact, wash thoroughly with soap and water. In the event of eye exposure, rinse the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical assistance. In case of large spills, evacuate the area and contact emergency services for safe cleanup and disposal.
Dispose of Diammonium Phosphate in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations. Avoid releasing the chemical into the environment. Contaminated packaging must be disposed of as hazardous waste and should not be reused. Consult a waste management professional to ensure compliant and safe disposal practices.
Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is a widely used fertilizer and fire retardant, whose effective storage and packaging are crucial for maintaining its chemical integrity and ensuring safety. Proper handling is crucial as DAP is hygroscopic and can absorb moisture from the air, leading to caking and deterioration of product quality.
DAP is typically packaged in bags made from polyethylene or polypropylene, which provide resistance to moisture and physical damage. The standard packaging sizes can range from 25kg to 50kg for smaller consumer use, up to larger bulk bags of 500kg to 1000kg for commercial or agricultural applications. Retail packages might also include small buckets or pails, particularly useful for gardeners or small-scale farmers.
When storing Diammonium phosphate, it is essential to keep the chemical in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and moisture. The storage area should be well-ventilated to prevent the accumulation of dust and gases, and should be separated from incompatible substances such as acids and alkaloids. Furthermore, DAP should be stored on pallets or shelves to avoid direct contact with the ground and reduce the risk of moisture absorption.
Since DAP has the potential to be a mild skin irritant and harmful if inhaled in powder form, safety measures during handling are important. Workers should wear suitable protective equipment like gloves, masks, and safety glasses. Given its susceptibility to absorbing moisture and forming clumps, DAP bags need to be tightly sealed and checked periodically for any signs of breach or damage.
